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Symptoms Overview
On This Page:
- What is an STD? |
- Types of STDs |
- Get Tested ? |
What are STDs?
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections that are primarily spread through sexual contact. This can include vaginal, anal, and oral sex. STDs are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites and can affect anyone who is sexually active, regardless of age, gender, or sexual orientation.
STDs can have serious health consequences if left untreated, including chronic pain, infertility, and increased risk of acquiring other infections, such as HIV. It’s essential to understand the nature of STDs, recognize the symptoms, and take preventive measures to protect your sexual health.
Types of STDs
There are numerous types of STDs, each caused by different pathogens and presenting with various symptoms. Here are some of the most common types:
Bacterial STDs:
Chlamydia: Often asymptomatic but can cause pain during urination and abnormal discharge.
Gonorrhea: Symptoms include painful urination, discharge, and in men, swollen testicles.
Syphilis: Manifests in stages, starting with sores, then rashes, and if untreated, can lead to severe complications.
Viral STDs:
Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Can cause genital warts and is associated with certain cancers.
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Causes painful blisters or sores on the genitals or mouth.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Attacks the immune system and can progress to AIDS if not treated.
Hepatitis B and C: Affect the liver and can lead to chronic liver disease.
Parasitic STDs:
Trichomoniasis: Often asymptomatic but can cause irritation and discharge.
Pubic Lice (Crabs): Cause itching and visible lice or eggs in the pubic hair.
When to Get Tested?
Regular testing for STDs is crucial for maintaining sexual health and preventing the spread of infections. Here are some guidelines on when you should consider getting tested:
- New Sexual Partner: Get tested before starting a new sexual relationship and encourage your partner to do the same.
- Unprotected Sex: If you have had sex without a condom or other barrier method, it’s wise to get tested.
- Multiple Partners: Regular testing is important if you have multiple sexual partners.
- Symptoms: If you experience any symptoms such as unusual discharge, painful urination, sores, or itching, get tested immediately.
- Routine Check-ups: Even without symptoms, regular screening is recommended for sexually active individuals, especially for those under 25 or in high-risk groups.
- Partner Diagnosis: If a current or former partner is diagnosed with an STD, you should get tested as well.
Early detection and treatment of STDs can prevent complications and reduce the risk of transmitting the infection to others. If you have concerns or questions about your sexual health, consult our medical experts for personalized advice and testing recommendations.